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  5. Dr Louise Firth

Dr Louise Firth

Dr Louise Firth

Contact Details:

Position:

Senior Lecturer in Environmental Sustainability

Research Area:

Marine Ecology

Category:

Academic

Biography and Publications

Employment:

· Associate Professor in Marine Ecology 2021 - 2024

School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK

· Lecturer in Marine Ecology 2015 - 2021

School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK

· University Fellow in Zoology 2012 – 2014

Zoology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway

· Postdoctoral Researcher 2009 – 2011

School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, UK

· Postdoctoral Research Associate & Lecturer 2007 – 2008

Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Florida, USA.

 

Current editorial roles:

• Editorial Board Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 2016-date

Education:

· Ph.D (Marine Ecology) October 2003 – February 2007

School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland

· B.Sc (Zoology, Hons - 1st class honours) September 1999 – April 2003

Department of Zoology, University College Dublin, Ireland

 

Research Interests

I am a marine ecologist who works in both natural and artificial coastal environments. I am interested in the relationship between humans and coastal ecosystems (Marine Community Ecology) and how this relationship has changed over time (Historical Ecology). I am particularly interested in developing novel ways of making space for nature in human-dominated environments (Eco-Engineering). See my TEDx talk for more information on Eco-engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UY_uPfNsUGM 

 

Publications

Peer Reviewed Journals

  1. ‍Cooper A, Knights AM, Walker S, Sempere-Valverde J, Moocarme C, Hawkins SJ, Firth LB. (2025). The role of limpets in biodiversity patterns and bioerosion on coastal infrastructure: Insights from Plymouth Breakwater. Ecological Engineering. 213:107548.
  2. Seath J, Firth LB, Froneman PW, Claassens L. (2025). The use of gabions as an ecoengineering approach to enhance estuarine fish habitat in urbanised waterway. Ecological Engineering, 210: 107431.
  3. Firth LB, Jones EL, Chai T, Kamaruzzaman H, Panes J, Maudlin D, Bauer F, Hu Y, Read M, Stephen N, Knights AM, Allen J, Cawkwell F, Fenberg PB, Firth A, Foggo A, Griffin JN, Hanley ME, Hawkins SJ, Holloway P, Lemasson AJ, McQuatters-Gollop A, Morstang H, Perkins MJ, Sturgeon A, Thompson RC, Thurstan R, Sengupta D. (2025). Lost landscapes of Plymouth: historical land reclamation and coastal urbanisation continue to shape Britain’s Ocean City. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review In press   
  4. Clubley CH, Silva TAM, Wood LE, Firth LB, Bilton DT, O’Dea E, Knights AM. (2024). Multi-generational dispersal and dynamic patch occupancy reveals spatial and temporal stability of seascapes. Science of the Total Environment. 952: 175762
  5. Firth LB, Forbes A, Knights AM, O’Shaughnessy KA, Mahmood-Brown W, Struthers L, Hawcutt E, Bohn K, Sayer M, Quinn J, Allen J, Dürr S, Fielding N, Guerra M-T, Leeper A, Mieszkowska N, Reid G, Robinson L, Russell G, Wanstall V, Wilkinson S, Williams AE, Hawkins SJ. (2024). Ecosystem engineers enhance the multifunctionality of an urban novel ecosystem: a 40-year perspective on persistence and resilience. Science of the Total Environment. 952: 175675
  6. Bauer F, Knights AM, Hanley ME Griffin JN, Foggo A, Brown A, Firth LB. Topography-based modulation of environmental factors as a mechanism for intertidal microhabitat formation: a basis for marine ecological design. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 202: 116358.
  7. Lemasson AJ, Somerfield PJ, Schratzberger M, Thompson MS, Firth LB, Couce E, McNeill CL, Nunes J, Pascoe C, Watson SC, Knights AM. 2024. A global meta-analysis of ecological effects from offshore marine artificial structures. Nature Sustainability, 1-11.
  8. Mayer-Pinto M, Caley A, Knights AM, Airoldi L, Bishop MJ, Brooks P, Coutinho R, Crowe TP, Mancuso Lais P, Naval-Xavier PD, Firth LB, Menezes R, de Messano LVR, Morris R, Ross DJ, Wong JXW, Steinberg P, Strain EMA. (2024). Complexity-functioning relationships differ across different environmental conditions. Journal of Environmental Management. 354: 120370
  9. Firth LB, Aguilera M, Airoldi L, Bartholomew A, Bauer F, Bishop M, Brooks P, Bugnot A, Bulleri F, Burt J, Chee S-Y, Claassens L, Cordell J, Dafforn K, Espinosa F, Evans AJ, Fairchild T, Froneman W, Griffin J, Hall AE, Hanley ME, Hawkins SJ, Heery E, Jones E, Komyakova V, Lemasson A, Leung K, Loke L, Mayer-Pinto M, Moore P, Morris R, Naylor L, Perkins M, Pioch S, Porri F, O’Shaughnessy K,  Seath J, Sengupta D, Sheaves M, Strain E, Swearer S, Thompson RC, Todd P, Toft J, Waltham N, Knights AM. (2024). Coastal greening of grey infrastructure: an update on the state-of-the-art. Institute of Civil Engineers Maritime Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmaen.2023.003
  10. Amstutz A, Firth LB, Hanley ME. Taking sides? The influence of aspect on teabag litter decomposition in European roadside verges. Pedobiologia - Journal of Soil Ecology. 102: 150927.
  11. Knights AM, Lemasson AJ, Firth LB, Bond T, Claisse J, Coolen JW, Copping A, Dannheim J, De Dominicis M, Degraer S, Elliott M. (2024) Developing expert scientific consensus on the environmental and societal effects of marine artificial structures prior to decommissioning. Journal of Environmental Management. 352: 119897.
  12. Knights AM, Lemasson AJ, Firth LB, Beaumont N, Birchenough S, Claisse J, Coolen JW, Copping A, De Dominicis M, Degraer S, Elliott M. To what extent can decommissioning options for marine artificial structures move us toward environmental targets?. Journal of Environmental Management. 350: 119644.
  13. Moyse E, Firth LB, Smyth T, Tidau S, Davies TW. (2023). Artificial light at night alters predation on colour-polymorphic camouflaged prey. Basic and Applied Ecology, 73: 88-93
  14. Hanley ME, Firth LB, Foggo A. Victim of Changes? Marine macroalgae in a changing world. Annals of Botany, 133: 1-16
  15. Firth LB, Foggo A, Watts T, Knights AM, deAmicis S. (2024). Invasive macroalgae in native seagrass beds - vectors of spread and impacts. Annals of Botany 133: 41–50
  16. Amstutz A, Firth LB, Foggo A, Spicer J, Hanley ME. (2024). The north-south divide? Macroalgal functional trait diversity and redundancy varies with intertidal aspect. Annals of Botany 133: 145-152
  17. Firth LB, Farnworth M, Fraser KPP, McQuatters-Gollop A. (2023). Make a difference: Switch out natural reefs for human made reefs to compensate for the environmental impacts of dive tourism. Science of the Total Environment 901: 165488
  18. O’Shaughnessy KA, Knights AM, Hawkins SJ, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, Firth LB. (2023). Multiple diversity metrics at different spatial scales are needed to understand species diversity in urban environments. Science of the Total Environment 895: 164958
  19. Clubley C, Firth LB, Wood LE, Bilton DT, Silva T, Knights AM. From repository to rate of spread: A framework for assessing the influence of data discrepancies on estimates of the expansion of non-native species. Science of the Total Environment 877: 162754
  20. Downes S, Firth LB, Knights AM. Epibionts provide their basibionts with associational resistance to predation but at a cost. Marine Environmental Research, 186: 105941
  21. Firth LB, Clubley C, McGrath A, Renshaw E, Foggo A, Wilson ADM, Gribben P, Flower AEA, Burgess J, Heesch S, Hawkins SJ, Stephen NR, Haspel D, Spain-Butler A, Stuhrmann S, Newstead A, Knights AM. (2023). If you can’t beat them, join them: limpet shells as refugia from grazing & competition pressure. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 61: 329-362.
  22. Bartholomew A, Burt JA, Firth LB. (2022). Artificial Reefs in the Arabian Gulf: Benefits, Challenges and Recommendations for Policy-Makers. Regional Studies in Marine Science. 56, 102723.
  23. Curd A, Chevalier M, Vasquez M, Boyé A, Firth LB, Marzloff M, Bricheno L, Burrows MT, Bush L, Cordier C, Davies AJ, Green JA, Hawkins SJ, Lima FP, Meneghesso C, Mieszkowska N, Seabra R, Dubois S. (2022). A framework for studying the within-range structure of species with discontinuous distributions under climate change by applying landscape metrics to model outputs: an ecosystem engineer case study. Global Change Biology, 29: 631-647
  24. Allcock LA, Firth LB, Todd PA, Mumby PJ, Marzinelli EM, Lucas CH, Byrne M, Russell B, Lemasson AJ, Hawkins SJ. (2022). An OMBAR perspective on the United Nations decade of ocean science for sustainable development. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 60: 15-18.
  25. David C, Marzloff M, Knights AM, Cugier P, Nunes F, Cordier C, Firth LB, Dubois S. (2022). Connectivity modelling informs metapopulation structure and conservation priorities for a reef-building species. Diversity and Distributions, 28: 2056-2070
  26. Curd A, Boyé A, Cordier C, Pernet F, Firth LB, Bush L, Davies AJ, Lima FP, Meneghesso C, Quéré C, Seabra R, Vasquez M, Dubois SF. (2021). Environmental optima for a foundation species: a multidisciplinary trait-based approach. Scientific Reports, 11: 22986
  27. Firth LB. (2021). What have limpets ever done for us? On the provisioning and cultural services of limpets. International Review of Environmental History, 7: 5-46
  28. Chee SY, Firth LB, Yee-Hui A, Yee JC, Mujahid A, Amri AY, Amir AA, Lau CM, Ooi JLS, Quek YA, Tan CE, Yap TK, Yeap CA, McQuatters-Gollop A. (2021). Enhancing Uptake of Nature-based Solutions for Informing Coastal Sustainable Development Policy and Planning: A Malaysia Case Study 
    Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9:708507
  29. Chee SY, Yee JC, Cheah CB, Evans AJ, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ, Strain EMA. (2021). Habitat Complexity Affects the Structure but Not the Diversity of Sessile Communities on Tropical Coastal Infrastructure. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9:673227.
  30. Amstutz A, Firth LB, Spicer JI, Hanley ME. (2021). Facing up to climate change: temperature variation and the influence of aspect in the rocky intertidal. Marine Environmental Research. 172: 105482
  31. O’Shaughnessy KA, Perkol-Finkel S, Strain E, Bishop M, Hawkins SJ, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, Yunnie ALE, Amstutz A, Milliet L, Yong C, Firth LB. (2021). Spatially variable effects of artificially-created physical complexity on subtidal benthos. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9: 690413
  32. Firth LB, Curd A, Hawkins SJ, Knights AM, Blaze JA, Burrows MT, Dubois SF, Edwards H, Foggo A, Gribben PE, Grant L, Harris D, Mieszkowska N, Nunes FLD, Nunn JD, Power AM, O’Riordan RM, McGrath D, Simkanin C, O’Connor NE. On the diversity and distribution of a data deficient habitat in a poorly mapped region: the case of Sabellaria alveolata in Ireland. Marine Environmental Research, 169: 105344
  33. Muller A, Poitrimol C, Nunes FLD, Boyé A, Curd A, Desroy N, Firth LB, Bush L, Davies AJ, Lima FP, Marzloff MP, Meneghesso C, Seabra R, Dubois SD. Musical chairs on temperate reefs: Species turnover and replacement within functional groups explain regional diversity variation in assemblages associated with honeycomb worm. Frontiers in Marine Science 8: 654141
  34. Zardi GI, Monsinjon JR, McQuaid CD, Seuront L, Orostica M, Want A, Firth LB, Nicastro KR. (2021). Foul-weather friends: Modelling thermal stress mitigation by symbiotic endolithic microbes in a changing environment. Global Change Biology, 27: 2549-2560
  35. Airoldi L, Beck MW, Firth LB, Bugnot A, Steinberg PA, Dafforn KA (2021). Emerging Solutions to Return Nature to the Urban Ocean. Annual Review of Marine Science. 13: 445-477
  36. Strain E, Steinberg P, Vozzo M, Johnston E, Abbiati M, Aguilera M, Airoldi L, Aguirre D, Ashton G, Bernardi M, Brooks P, Chan B, Chee S-Y, Coutinhosa R, Crowe T, Davey A, Firth LB, Fraser C, Hanley M, Hawkins S, Knick K, Lau E, Leung K, McKenzie C, MacLeod C, Mafanya S, Mancuso F, Messano L, Ng, T, O'Shaughnessy K, Pattrick P, Perkins M, Perkol-Finkel S, Porri F, Ross D, Ruiz G, Sella I, Seitz R, Shirazi R, Thiel M, Thompson R, Yee J, Zabin C, Bishop M. (2021). A global analysis of complexity-biodiversity relationships on marine artificial structures. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 30: 140-153.
  37. Firth LB, Harris D, Blaze J, Marzloff M, Boye A, Miller P, Curd A, Nunn J, O’Connor, NE Power AM, Mieszkowska N, O’Riordan R, Burrows MT, Bricheno L, Knights AM, Nunes FLD, Bordeyne F, Bush LE, Byers JE, David C, Davies AJ, Dubois S, Edwards, H, Foggo, A, Grant L, Gribben, P, Green M, Lima FP, McGrath D, Noel LMLJ, Seabra R, Simkanin C, Vasquez M, Hawkins SJ. (2021). Specific niche requirements of an intertidal ecosystem engineer promote multidecadal stability of its geographical range in the face of climate warming. Diversity & Distributions, 27: 668-683
  38. Firth LB, Duff L, Gribben P, Knights AM. (2020). Facilitation among invaders is stronger in natural than artificial habitats. Oikos, 130: 453-463
  39. Hawkins SJ, Firth LB, Evans AJ (2020). Structures spread across our seas. Nature Sustainability 4: 7-8.
  40. Hemraj DA, Posnett NC, Minuti JJ, Firth LB, Russell BA. (2020). Survived but not safe: marine heatwave hinders metabolism in two gastropod survivors. Marine Environmental Research. 162: 105117
  41. Muir AP, Dubois SF, Ross RE, Firth LB, Knights AM, Lima FP, Seabra R, Corre E, Le Corguillé G, Nunes FLD (2020). Seascape genomics reveals population isolation in the reef-building honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata (L.) BMC Evolutionary Biology 20: 100
  42. Hsiung AR, Tan WT, Loke LHL, Firth LB, Heery EC, Ducker J, Clark V, Pek YS, Birch WR, Ang ACF, Hartanto RS, Chai TMF, Todd PA. (2020). Little evidence that lowering the pH of concrete supports greater biodiversity on tropical and temperate seawalls. Marine Ecology Progress Series 656: 193-205.
  43. Firth LB, Airoldi L, Bulleri F, Challinor S, Chee S-Y, Evans AJ, Hanley ME, Knights AM, O’Shaughnessy K, Thompson RC, Hawkins SJ. (2020). Greening of grey infrastructure should not be used as a Trojan horse to facilitate coastal development. Journal of Applied Ecology, 00: 1-7
  44. Valdor PF, Gómez AG, Steinberg P, Tanner E, Knights AM, Seitz RD, Airoldi L, Firth LB, Arvanitidis C, Ponti M, Chatzinikolaou E, Crowe, TP, Brooks PR, Smith A, Méndez G, Ovejero A, Soares-Gomes A, Burt J, MacLeod C, Juanes J. (2020). A global approach to mapping the environmental risk of commercial harbours on the aquatic systems. Marine Policy, 119: 104051
  45. Hawkins SJ, O’Shaughnessy KA, Adams LA, Langston WJ, Bray S, Allen JR, Wilkinson S, Bohn K, Mieszkowska N, Firth LB (2020). Recovery of an urbanised estuary: clean up, de-industrialisation and restoration of redundant dock-basins in the Mersey. Marine Pollution Bulletin,156: 111150.
  46. O’Shaughnessy KA, Hawkins SJ, Yunnie ALE, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, Firth LB (2020). Occurrence and assemblage composition of intertidal non-native species may be influenced by shipping patterns and artificial structures. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154: 111082.
  47. O’Shaughnessy KA, Hawkins SJ, Evans AJ, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, Francis RA, Hoggart SPG, Moore PJ, Iglesias G, Simmonds D, Ducker J, Firth LB (2020). Design catalogue for eco-engineering of marine and coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users. Urban Ecosystems, 23: 431–443
  48. Burrows MT, Moore J, Adams L, Sugden H, Firth LB, Mieszkowska N (2020). Global-scale species distributions predict temperature-related changes in species composition of rocky shore communities in Britain. Global Change Biology, 26: 2093-2105.
  49. Valdor PF, Gómez AG, Juanes J, Kerléguer C, Steinberg P, Tanner E, MacLeod C, Seitz RD, Airoldi L, Firth LB, Crowe, TP, Chatzinikolaou E, Smith A, Arvanitidis C, Knights AM, Ponti M, Brooks PR, Burt J, Soares-Gomes A, Ovejero A, Méndez G. (2019). A global atlas of the environmental risk of marinas on water quality. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 149: 110661
  50. Strain EM, Alexander K, Kienker S, Morris R, Jarvis R, Coleman R, Bollard B, Firth LB, Knights AM, Grabowski J, Airoldi L, Chan B, Chee S-Y, Cheng Z, Coutinho R, de Menezes R, Ding M, Dong YW, Fraser C, Gomez A, Junes J, Paolo F, Messano L, Naval-Xavier, Scyphers S, Steinberg P, Swearer S, Valdor P, Wong J, Yee J, Bishop M. (2019). Urban blue: a global analysis of the factors shaping resident’s perceptions of the marine environment and ecological engineering in harbours. Science of the Total Environment, 658: 1293-1305
  51. Curd A, Pernet F, Firth LB, Delisle L, Corporeau C, Nunes F, Dubois SF. (2019). Connecting organic to mineral: how the physiological state of an ecosystem-engineer is linked to its habitat structure. Ecological Indicators, 98: 49-60
  52. Morris RL, Heery EC, Loke LHL, Lau E, Strain EMA, Airoldi L, Alexander KA, Bishop MJ, Coleman RA, Cordell JR, Dong Y-W, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ, Heath T, Kokora M, Lee JSY, Miller JK, Perkol-Finkel S, Rella A, Steinberg PD, Takeuchi I, Thompson RC, Todd P, Toft JD, Leung KMY. (2019). Design options, implementation issues and evaluating success of ecologically-engineered shorelines. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review, 57: 169–228.
  53. Evans AJ, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ, Ironside J, Thompson RC, Moore P. (2019). From Ocean sprawl to blue-green infrastructure – a strategy for maximising natural capital in marine engineering. Environmental Science and Policy, 91: 60-69
  54. Walls AM, Edwards MD, Firth LB, Johnson MP. (2019). Ecological priming of artificial aquaculture structures: Kelp farms as an example. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 1-12
  55. Morris R, Martinez A, Firth LB, Coleman RA. (2018). Can transplanting enhance mobile marine invertebrates in ecologically engineered rock pools? Marine Environmental Research, 141: 119-127
  56. Hanlon N, Firth LB, Knights AM. (2018). Time-dependent effects of orientation, heterogeneity and composition determines benthic biological community recruitment patterns on subtidal artificial structures. Ecological Engineering, 122, 219-228
  57. Strain EMA, Olabarria C, Mayer-Pinto M, Cumbo V, Morris R, Bugnot A, Dafforn K, Heery E, Firth LB, Brooks P, Bishop MJ (2018). Eco‐engineering urban infrastructure for marine and coastal biodiversity: which interventions have the greatest ecological benefit?. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017;00:1-16.
  58. McManus RS, Archibald N, Comber S, Knights AM, Thompson RC, Firth LB (2018). Partial replacement of cement for waste aggregates in concrete coastal and marine infrastructure: A foundation for ecological enhancement? Ecological Engineering, 120: 655-667.
  59. Chee S-Y, Othman AG, Sim YK, Mat Adam AN, Firth LB (2017). Land reclamation & artificial islands: walking the tightrope between development and conservation. Global Ecology & Conservation, 12:80-95.
  60. Morris R, Chapman MG, Firth LB, Coleman RA (2017). Increasing habitat complexity on seawalls: Investigating large‐ & small‐scale effects on fish assemblages. Ecology and Evolution, 7:9567-9579
  61. Hawkins SJ, Evans AJ, Moore J, Whittington M, Pack K, Firth LB, Adams LC, Masterson P, Mieszkowska N, Southward (2017). From the Torrey Canyon to today: a 50-year retrospective of recovery from the oil spill and interaction with climate-driven fluctuations on Cornish rocky shores. Proceedings of the International Oil Spill Conference, USA, 2017(1), 74-103
  62. Hawkins SJ, Evans AJ, Firth LB, Moore PJ, Bray S, Adams LC, Schuster H, Leung KMY, Pack K, Burrows MT, Sims DW, Genner MJ, Mieszkowska N, Southward EC (2017) Distinguishing globally-driven changes from regional- and local-scale impacts: the case for long-term and broad-scale studies of recovery from pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 124: 573-586
  63. Firth LB, Grant L, Crowe TP, Ellis JS, Wiler C, Convery C, O’Connor NE (2017) Factors affecting the prevalence of the trematode parasite Echinostephilla patellae (Lebour, 1911) in the limpet Patella vulgata (L.). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 492: 99-104
  64. Knights AM, Firth LB, Russell BD. (2017) Ecological responses to environmental change in marine systems. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 492: 3-6
  65. Bishop MJ, Mayer-Pinto M, Airoldi L, Firth LB, Morris RL, Loke LHL, Hawkins SJ, Naylor LA, Coleman RA, Chee SY, Dafforn KA (2017) Effects of ocean sprawl on ecological connectivity: impacts and solutions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 492: 7–30
  66. Walls AM, Edwards MD, Firth LB, Johnson MP. (2017) Successional changes of epibiont fouling communities of the cultivated kelp Alaria esculenta: predictability and influences. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. 9: 55-69
  67. Evans AJ, Garrod B, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ, Morris ES, Goudge H, Moore PJ. (2017) Multi-functional coastal developments: desirability of potential secondary benefits and steps to effective implementation. Marine Policy, 75: 143-155
  68. Firth LB, Browne K, Knights AM, Hawkins SJ, Nash R. (2016) Eco-engineered rock pools: a concrete solution to biodiversity loss and urban sprawl in the marine environment. Environmental Research Letters, 11: 094015
  69. Firth LB, Knights AM, Thompson RC, Mieszkowska N, Bridger D, Evans A, Moore PJ, O’Connor NE, Sheehan EV, Hawkins SJ. (2016) Ocean sprawl: challenges and opportunities for biodiversity management in a changing world. Invited contribution (prior to being editor) to Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 54: 193-269.
  70. Pearson S, Windupranata W, Pranowo SW, Putri A, Ma Y, Vila-Concejo A, Fernández E, Méndez G, Banks J, Knights AM, Firth LB, Bollard Breen B, Jarvis R, Aguirre D, Chen S, Howard Smith AN, Steinberg P, Chatzinikolaou E, Arvanitidis C. (2016) Conflicts in some of the World harbours: What needs to happen next? Maritime Studies, 15:10
  71. Knights AM, Firth LB, Thompson RC, Yunnie AL, Hiscock K, Hawkins SJ. (2016) Plymouth - a world harbour through the ages. Regional Studies in Marine Science. 8: 297-307
  72. Firth LB, White FJ, Schofield M, Hanley ME, Burrows MT, Thompson RC, Skov MW, Evans AJ, Moore PJ, Hawkins SJ. (2016) Facing the future: the importance of substratum features for ecological engineering of artificial habitats in the rocky intertidal. Marine and Freshwater Research. 67: 131-143
  73. Hawkins SJ, Mieszkowska N, Firth LB, Burrows MT, MacLean MA, Bohn K, Thompson RC, Chan BKK, Little C, Williams GA (2016). Looking backwards to look forwards: the role of natural history in temperate reef ecology. Marine and Freshwater Research. 67: 1-13
  74. Evans AJ, Firth LB, Hawkins S, Morris E, Goudge H, Moore P (2016) Drill-cored rock pools: effective method of ecological enhancement on artificial structures. Marine and Freshwater Research. 67:123-130
  75. Firth LB, Mieszkowska N, Grant LM, Bush LE, Davies AJ, Frost MT, Moschella PS, Burrows MT, Cunningham PN, Dye SR, Hawkins SJ. (2015) Historical comparisons reveal multiple drivers of decadal change of an ecosystem engineer at the range edge. Ecology and Evolution. 5: 3210–3222
  76. Firth LB, Schofield M, White FJ, Skov MW, Hawkins SJ. (2014) Biodiversity in intertidal rock pools: informing engineering criteria for artificial habitat enhancement in the built environment. Marine Environmental Research. 102, 122–130.
  77. Mieszkowska N, Sugden HE, Firth LB, Hawkins SJ. (2014) The role of sustained observations in tracking impacts of environmental change on marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A. 372, 20130339.
  78. Firth LB, Thompson RC, Bohn K, Abiatti M, Airoldi L, Bouma TJ, Bozzeda F, Ceccherelli VU, Colangelo MA, Evans E, Ferrario F, Hanley M, Hinz H, Hoggart S, Jackson J, Moore P, Morgan EH, Perkol-Finkel S, Strain E, van Belzen J, Hawkins SJ. (2014) Between a rock and a hard place: environmental and engineering considerations when designing flood defence structures. Coastal Engineering 87: 122–135.
  79. Hawkins SJ, Vale M, Firth LB, Burrows MT, Mieszkowska N, Frost M. (2013) Sustained observation of marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Oceanography: open access 1:1-4.
  80. Firth LB, Thompson RC, White FJ, Schofield M, Skov MW, Hoggart SPG, Jackson J, Knights AM, Hawkins SJ. (2013) The importance of water retaining features for biodiversity on artificial intertidal coastal defence structures. Diversity and Distributions 19: 1275–1283
  81. Bracewell SA, Robinson LA, Firth LB, Knights AM. (2013) Predicting free-space occupancy on novel artificial structures by an invasive intertidal barnacle using a removal experiment. PLoS ONE 8(9): e74457.
  82. Firth LB, Mieszkowska N, Thompson RC, Hawkins SJ. (2013) Climate change & adaptation impacts in coastal systems: case of sea defences. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 15:1665-1670.
  83. Hawkins SJ, Firth LB, McHugh, M, Poloczanska E, Herbert R, Burrows MT, Kendall M, Moore P, Thompson RC, Jenkins SR, Genner MJ, Sims DW, Mieszkowska N (2013) Data rescue and reuse: recycling old information for new concerns. Marine Policy 42: 91-98
  84. Knights AM, Firth LB, Walters KA (2012) Interactions between multiple recruitment drivers: Post-settlement predation mortality & flow-mediated recruitment. PLoS ONE 7(4): e35096.
  85. Firth LB, Hawkins SJ (2011) Global change in marine ecosystems: patterns, processes and interactions with regional and local scale impacts. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 400: 1-6
  86. Firth LB, Knights AM, Bell SS (2011). Air temperature and winter mortality: implications for the persistence of the invasive mussel, Perna viridis in the intertidal zone of the south-eastern United States. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 400: 250-256
  87. Firth LB, Crowe TP (2010) Competition, habitat-suitability and the coexistence of key species on temperate rocky shores. Oecologia 162:163-174
  88. Firth LB, Williams GA (2009) The influence of multiple environmental stressors on Cellana toreuma during monsoon season in Hong Kong. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology & Ecology 375:70-75
  89. Firth LB, Crowe TP, Moore P, Thompson RC, Hawkins SJ (2009). Predicting impacts of climate-induced range expansion: an experimental framework and a test involving key grazers on temperate rocky shores. Global Change Biology 15:1413-1422
  90. Firth LB, Crowe TP (2008) Large-scale coexistence and small-scale segregation of key species on rocky shores. Hydrobiologia 614:233-241

 

Books & Book Chapters

  1. Hawkins SJ, Bohn K, Firth LB, Williams GA (2019). Interactions in the Marine Benthos: a Regional & Habitat Perspective. Cambridge University Press.
    1. Firth LB, Bohn K, Williams GA, Hawkins SJ (2019) Chapter 1 – Introduction.
    2. Hawkins SJ, Pack KE, Firth LB, Mieszkowska N, Evans AJ, Martins GM, Åberg P, Adams LC, Arenas F, Boaventura DM, Bohn K, Borges CDG, Castro JJ, Coleman RA, Crowe TP, Cruz T, Davies MS, Epstein G, Faria J, Ferreira JG, Frost NJ, Griffin JN, Hanley ME, Herbert RJH, Hyder K, Johnson MP, Lima FP, Masterson-Algar PE, Moore PJ, Moschella PS, Notman GM, Pannacciulli FG, Ribeiro PA, Santos AM, Silva ACF, Skov MW, Sugden H, Vale M, Wangkulangkul K, Wort EJG, Thompson RC, Hartnoll RG, Burrows MT, Jenkins SR (2019) Chapter 2 - The Intertidal Zone of the North-East Atlantic Region: Pattern and Process.
    3. Hawkins SJ, Bohn K, Lemasson AJ, Williams GA, Schiel DR, Jenkins SR, Firth LB (2019) Chapter 20 – Overview & Synthesis.
  2. Hoggart S, Hawkins SJ, Bohn K, Airoldi L, van Belzen J, Bichot A, Bilton DT, Bouma TJ, Colangelo MA, Davies AJ, Ferrario F, Firth LB, Galván C, Hanley M, Heurtefeux H, Lara JL, Rodriguez IL, Maza M, Eizaguirre BO, Rundle SD, Skov MW, Strain EM, White A, Zhang L, Zhu Z, Thompson RC (2015) Chapter 4 - Ecological approaches to coastal risk mitigation. In Nicholls R, Zanuttigh B, Vanderlinden JC, Thompson RC, Burcharth H (Eds.), Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate, Academic Press (Elsevier), 171–234

 

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