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Project reports

D2.1 Energy System Stakeholder Characterisation
Dallamaggiore E, Boo E, Aze F, Lennon B, MacSweeney R, Gaffney C, Dunphy N, Landini A, Otal J (2016)

Abstract
The objectives of D2.1 are to develop an energy actor-network typology and to appreciate the complexity of the factors involved in the transition towards a more sustainable energy era. A stakeholders analysis, in terms of mapping the direct and indirect influences on the energy system, and the actors that comprise it, is here presented, to develop insights on the energy models of Ireland, UK, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, and at the EU level. The multiplicity of fields that interconnect with, and within, the energy system emerging from this study indicates the complexity of the energy system itself, as well as some of the complexities involved in its transition to sustainability. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479257  

D2.2 Energy Technological Review
Landini A, Zerbi T, Morrissey J, Axon S (2016)
Abstract
D2.2 focuses on the technical/technological elements of the Energy Socio-Technical regime, to contribute significant and robust evidence on what constitutes a regime. A specific set of comprehensive KPIs has been developed, to characterise the Energy Supply Chain in a multi-dimensional and innovative mean. An extensive technological review for energy production, transportation, storage and end use is then presented, together with the specific KPIs evaluation proposed at the end of each section, to give a clear understanding of the current technological forces driving the European energy system and to further contribute to the multi-disciplinary characterisation approach taken in ENTRUST. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479265]

D2.3 Novel business models and main barriers in the EU energy system
Boo E, Molinero S, Sanvicente, E, de Melo P, Landini A, Otal J, Chichinato O, Melchiorre T, Melia A (2016)
Abstract
D2.3 comprises a mapping of the emerging business models in the energy system, as well as the clarification of its role, elements, sources of innovation, and main barriers that slow down the transition towards a more sustainable system. A specific classification of types of innovation and the ENTRUST framework tool are created, to examine emerging business models along the supply chain and understand how an organization creates and delivers value, makes money and visualises its structure. In addition, an analysis is conducted to identify which type of innovation is occurring in every sector and at what specific stage of the value chain. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479275]

D3.1 Survey of socio-demographic data on energy practices
Gaffney C, Lennon B, O'Connor P, Dunphy N (2015)
Abstract
D3.1 records the key socio-demographic data and datasets on energy practices across six European countries: France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, providing a baseline of the extant data upon which ENTRUST builds to map the human factor in the energy system. The report outlines the strategies utilised to capture and categorise the socio-demographic data on energy practices, and catalogues the identified data with its title, source, location, and also includes a short description. In addition, the report also provides an indicative bibliography of qualitatively oriented research that is informed by social science based approaches to understanding energy practices. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479281]

D3.2 Intersectional Analysis of Energy Practices
Dunphy NP, Revez A, Gaffne, C, Lennon B, Ramis Aguilo A, Morrissey J, Axon S (2017)
Abstract
D3.2 investigates everyday domestic energy practices across ENTRUST’s six participating communities. Exploring the advantages of social practice approaches to the everyday consumption of energy in comparison to narrow behaviourist models, the report expands on the importance of developing an intersectional understanding of the multiple social positions that people occupy, and the impact of these on everyday energy practices. In particular, the impact that gender, age, and levels of socio-economic privilege have on the performance of domestic practices that emerged from the community engagements are explored, as well as a comparative assessment of the impact of these on community cohesion and resilience. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479295]

D3.3 Intersectional Analysis of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Energy Technologies
Dunphy N, Revez A, Gaffney C, Lennon B (2017)
Abstract
Exploring and utilising the concept of intersectionality as research paradigm, methodological guidance, and as a tool of analysis, D3.3 provides a rich description of the perceptions and attitudes towards the energy system and large-scale energy technologies amongst the participants from ENTRUST’s six communities of practice. Drawing on the qualitative and quantitative data produced from engaging with community members, the ‘(in)visibility of energy’, and the issue of ‘power and the control of the energy system’, as well as the acceptability of RES and other forms of power generation, including nuclear, are discussed. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479301]

D3.4 Synthesis of socio-economic, technical, market and policy analyses
Dunphy N, Revez A, Gaffney C, Lennon B, Sanvicente E, Landini A, Morrissey J (2017)
Abstract
D3.4 summarises the outputs from three distinct strands of research carried out for the ENTRUST Horizon 2020 research project from work packages (WPs) 2, 3 and 4. An overview of each deliverable from these WPs is provided with outlines of respective methodologies employed and a discussion of key findings for each. This information is then synthesised into a discussion on multi-level understandings of the energy system and what this means within specific contexts; notably technological characterisation, business model perspectives, energy policy, and concepts of citizenship and participation. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479315]

D4.1 Policy & regulation landscape
Boo E, Dallamaggiore E, Pasqualini T, Dunphy N, Lennon B, Meade K, Chinchinato O, Axon S, Otal J (2016)
Abstract
D4.1 “Report on policy & regulation landscape” assesses the transition potential of the 6 ENTRUST countries. It provides, for each country, a review of its main energy policies and regulations. Then, it assesses how it performs against five KPIs, derived from the new institutionalism theory and environmental and climate policy integration frameworks. This theory serves to flesh out some of the complexities of energy policy for transition and to understand the influence of political institutions and paradigms on the path and speed of transition. It was found that the 6 countries have entered the energy transition, with Germany, France and UK having the most promising political orientations. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479331]

D4.2 Europeanisation of national policy dialogues on energy pathways
Aze F, Dallamaggiore E, Salel M, Boo, E, Dunphy, NP, Lennon, B, Gaffney C, Revez A, Axon, S. Otal, J, Chinchinato O, Melchiorre T, Costantini V (2016)
Abstract
Despite all the efforts to date to shape the European project including the energy dimension, complete integration of energy infrastructures and markets has not been achieved. Based on this observation, deliverable D4.2 analyses the development of the European energy policy through the concept of Europeanisation. Defined as dynamic process of policy transfer under the influence of several actors – European Commission, European Parliament, European Council, Member States and the lobbyists – Europeanisation helps to understand the balance of power both at national and European levels that steers the implementation of energy policies in Europe. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479347]

D4.3 Review of market-driven approaches in sustainable energy policies
Salel M, Boo E, Lennon B, Gaffney C, Revez A, Dunphy, NP, Axon S, Aiesha R, Otal J, Chinchinato O, Melchiorre T, Costantini V (2016)

Abstract
This task focused on the impact of the energy market on behavioural change, by reviewing market-driven approaches in supporting sustainable energy policies. D4.3 provides a quantitative analysis on the use of market-based instruments (MBIs) in six EU countries (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy and Spain) with specific attention on differences between their strategic orientations. It also highlights particularly successful uses of MBIs and identifies the best practises to be replicated in the future applications of similar instruments for various areas of application: energy efficiency in buildings, low-emission vehicles, energy production from renewable sources and greenhouse gas reduction. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479359]

D4.4 Identification and Characterisation of Energy Behaviour Change Initiatives )
Morrissey J, Axon S, Aiesha R, Hillman J, Revez A, Lennon B, Dunphy N, Salel M, Boo E (2016)
Abstract
Behaviour and practices constitute a powerful human factor in the energy system; in particular the interactions between technologies, practices and norms lock individuals in to certain patterns of (often inefficient) energy use. Consequently, behaviour change has gained traction amongst policymakers as a key area of intervention to reduce energy consumption. This deliverable addresses an important gap in knowledge by identifying and characterising behaviour change initiatives across Ireland, UK, France, Italy, and Spain. Results provide insights into the success factors and commonly encountered barriers to behaviour change initiatives, and highlight significant gaps between state-of-the-art theory and practical initiatives on behaviour change. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479377]

D4.5 Policy toolkit typology
Aze F, Molinero S, Tart S, Sanvicente E, Dunphy NP, Lennon B, Revez A, Morrissey J, Axon S, Woolford J (2017)
Abstract
D4.5 “Policy Toolkit” is designed for policymakers and practitioners whose work ultimately seeks to engage people and influence their behaviour, resulting in improved outcomes. It outlines a step-by-step methodology to explore opportunities in the energy sector; understand the multiple factors that influence the way people act every day; map existing policy interventions to address these factors; identify gaps and new ideas; engage stakeholders; and prioritise and develop the best policy mix. Moreover, it presents a set of policy recommendations aimed at reducing the environmental impact from energy consumption. The toolkit covers both the supply and demand sides of the energy sector. That is, transport, buildings, and local energy production. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479396]
D6.1 Energy System Visioning and Low-Carbon Configurations
Morrissey, J, Axon S, Aiesha R, Hillman J, Lennon B, Dunphy NP (2017)

Abstract
A substantial reconfiguration of the human dimension of the energy system is ongoing; involving emerging ‘active consumer’ roles and a shift to more engaged, empowered and mobilised energy citizens. Stakeholder oriented studies on energy transition have typically focused on expert stakeholders with limited engagement with local community perspectives. In this Deliverable, a mixed methods approach is applied to elicit bottom-up perspectives of complex understandings and expectations on energy and its future. Distinct visions for the future energy system emerge from analysis, predicated on an “…ideal, desirable future state of the energy system”, providing unique community perspectives on ongoing transitions. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479205]
D6.2 Practices and Technology Deployment for Efficiency
Axon S, Aiesha R, Morrissey J (2017)
Abstract
Despite the availability of enabling policies, many cost effective technological and behavioural solutions are not being adopted at sufficient pace to meet climate change goals. No single intervention alone will suffice; rather a portfolio of technologies and behavioural changes will be necessary across all sectors of society to reduce carbon dioxide emissions effectively. This deliverable addresses questions of why some interventions are overlooked while others are not. The scope for greater deployment of well-established solutions, their saving potentials, and net benefits (economic and environmental) as well as means for effective policy support of those most effective initiatives are addressed. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479217]
D6.3 Innovation Pathways to Transition
Morrissey J, Axon S, Hillman J, Molinero Perez S, Lennon B, Dunphy NP (2017)
Abstract
Bottom-up and practice-based social innovations need to be incorporated in an integrated manner to achieve the required paradigm shift for energy system change. This Deliverable asks “how can new technologies and practices be best supported/disseminated to achieve ‘lift-off’ and impact?” Innovation studies approaches, including Strategic Niche Management thinking have been applied. Innovation needs, and specific and tailored innovation responses have been identified for four of the ENTRUST communities; these are Stockbridge, Le Trapèze, Secondigliano and Dunmanway. Outcomes point to new policy mixes and practice-based changes at the community level to inform innovation pathways for each community.[doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479229]

D6.4 Innovative Business Models to Foster Transition>
Dunphy N, Lennon B,Sanvicente E, Tart S, Kielmanoicz D, Morrissey J (2018)
Abstract
This deliverable forwards concepts of novel business models which will contribute to the fostering of the energy transition through addressing specific social, market and other barriers. The objective being to facilitate stakeholders (whether suppliers or consumers of energy) to shape and progressively interact with the energy system to effectively deliver a low-carbon system. The examples of (more) sustainable business models forwarded in this report will in particular, but not entirely focus on community-based approaches (complementing the work presented in Lennon, Dunphy et al., 2018) and public-private partnerships as a means of addressing issues such as public acceptance, split incentives, risk sharing, etc. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479235]

D5.1 Report on Community Dialogues
Gaffney, C, Harris C, Dunphy N, Morrissey, J, Sanvicente E, Landini A (2017)
Abstract
D5.1 provides an overview of the community and individual stakeholder selection processes that were implemented, along with the suite of collaborative methods deployed across the community engagement programme. A notable innovation in terms of research engagement has been the deployment of deliberative mini-publics in a number of case study communities, which sought to address key energy- related issues of local concern there. In keeping with the overall aims of the project, achieving gender inclusivity was of crucial importance to this strand of the engagement process and was a strong contributing factor to those encounters’ successful outcomes. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479183]

D5.2 Expert Feedback on Community Dialogue Outcomes
Revez A, Gaffney C, Dunphy N, Ramis Aguilo A, Morrissey J, Sanvicente E (2017)
Abstract
The work presented in D5.2 focuses on providing a detailed report of expert and stakeholder engagements carried out with respect to the community dialogue outcomes. The thematic focus of the report concentrates in particular on energy transitions. From this particular perspective, this deliverable combines with T6.1 and T6.3 to provide a summary and critical overview of the feasibility of suites of collated transition pathways. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479192]

D5.3 Energy Management Approaches for Sustainable Communities
Lennon, B>, Dunphy, NP, Sanvicente E, Hillman J, Morrissey J (2018)
Abstract
This deliverable reports on the research carried out on new policy mixes and innovative cooperation mechanisms that have the potential to support transitions. In addition to the key findings emerging from WP5, the report has also applied a number of the lessons learned from Task 4.1 to develop the cooperation mechanisms that will prove useful to policy makers tasked with driving the energy transition at the various socio-political and infrastructural levels of Europe’s energy transition. [doi:10.5281/zenodo.3479169]

D8.1 Gender Inclusivity Dissemination Guidelines
Gaffney, C., Dunphy, N.
Abstract
This report provides a blueprint for achieving gender inclusivity in both the language and imagery used in the dissemination activities of ENTRUST. The document explains what gender is, the social impacts of gender, and the significance of gender inclusivity for science and research. Emphasising the importance of researcher reflexivity, it explores how language choices can unintentionally exclude some people, unless deliberate care is taken to be inclusive – this is particularly true with regard to the exclusion of women. Urging the avoidance of the stereotyping of individuals, it also offers advice for gender-proofing the research process. Finally, it provides a single-page list of the key points on gender inclusivity. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3479243]

D7.1 Knowledge and Communication Platform: Initial Plan for Content
Lennon, B., Gaffney, C., Dunphy, N.
Abstract This document outlines the preliminary content, and task planning for the delivery of the ENTRUST project knowledge and communication platform. [doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3490818]

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme for Research and Innovation under Grant Agreement no 657998