Events

Symbol and Collective Memory in Poland: The Semiotic Power of Material Archives and Icons

Dr Bozena Cierlik, School of History, UCC

Abstract

Symbols play an unusually powerful role in Polish historical consciousness, long serving as substitutes for absent political institutions and enabling coded forms of dissent. After 1989, the material remnants of communism—archives, monuments, architecture, and everyday objects—formed a new symbolic landscape that became fiercely contested. These post‑communist materials now operate as political tools, moral reference points, and mnemonic anchors that shape how Poles negotiate the past. The Solidarity logo exemplifies the potency of Polish symbolic culture: more than a graphic emblem, it functioned as a visual tactic of resistance and an enduring marker of anti‑authoritarian identity. In the broader East‑Central European context, Polish symbols are distinctive for their clarity and longevity. Contemporary disputes over decommunization, monument removal, and archival interpretation reflect what Jan Kubik describes as a continued battle for symbolic hegemony. Ultimately, Poland’s post‑communist archive is a semiotic landscape where memory, identity, and political meaning intersect.