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<title type="uniform">Account of Surrender of Limerick, 1651</title>
<title type="gmd">an electronic edition</title>
<author>William Layles</author>
<editor id="JTG">John T. Gilbert</editor>
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<name>Olivia Lardner</name>
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<head>Secondary literature: a small selection</head>
<bibl n="1">Francis Finegan, 'The siege of Limerick, 1651', in: Francis Finegan (ed.), Commemoration of the siege of Limerick: tercentenary commemoration of the siege of Limerick, 1651-1951 ([s.l.]: [s.n.] 1951) 25-33.</bibl>
<bibl n="2">Gerard Anthony Hayes-McCoy, 'Limerick 1651: the weapons of the siege', in: Francis Finegan (ed.),  Commemoration of the siege of Limerick: tercentenary commemoration of the siege of Limerick, 1651-1951 ([s.l.]: [s.n.] 1951) 34-39.</bibl>
<bibl n="3">J. G. Simms, 'Hugh Dubh O'Neill's defence of Limerick, 1650-1'. Irish Sword 3:2 (1957/58) 115&ndash;123.</bibl>
<bibl n="4">Jane H. Ohlmeyer (ed.), Ireland from independence to occupation 1641-1660. Cambridge 1995.</bibl>
<bibl n="5">Jane H. Ohlmeyer,  'Ireland independent: confederate foreign policy and international relations during the mid-seventeenth century', in: Jane H.Ohlmeyer,  (ed.), Ireland from independence to occupation 1641-1660. Cambridge 1995, 89-111.</bibl>
<bibl n="6">Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649: a constitutional and political analysis. Dublin 1998.</bibl>
<bibl n="7">Nicholas Canny, Making Ireland British, 1580-1650. Oxford 2001.</bibl>
<bibl n="8">Micheál Ó Siochrú, 'The Confederates and the Irish wars of the 1640s', in:  Liam Ronayne (ed.), The battle of Scariffhollis 1650 (Letterkenny: Eagráin Dhún na nGall, 2001), 7-15.</bibl>
<bibl n="9">Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.), Kingdoms in crisis: Ireland in the 1640s. Essays in honour of Donal Crógan. Dublin and Portland (OR)  2001.</bibl>
<bibl n="10">Margaret Franklin, A bibliography of Limerick city and county. Limerick 2005.</bibl>
<bibl n="11">David Farr, Henry Ireton and the English Revolution. Woodbridge 2006.</bibl>
<bibl n="12">M&iacute;che&aacute;l &Oacute; Siochr&uacute;, Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641&ndash;1653, Past &amp; Present 195/1 (2007) 55&ndash;86.</bibl>
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<pb n="263">
<div0 type="report" lang="en"><head>Account of Surrender of Limerick, 1651</head>

<p><sup resp="JTG">Clarendon Papers, 1651, No. 580, Bodleian Library.</sup></p>

<p>After a longe debate for a <orig reg="treaty">treatie</orig> with the enemy the 23th of October last a <orig reg="mixed">mixt</orig> <orig reg="council">Councell</orig> of <orig reg="war">warr</orig> and <orig reg="civil">Civill</orig> Government was held in the <orig reg="court">Courte</orig> house wherein was concluded that the <orig reg="treaty">treatie</orig> should <orig reg="go">goe</orig> on, and that they should not <orig reg="stick">sticke</orig> for any persons exempted or to be exempted from quarter of life or goods, the which <orig reg="their">theire</orig> result being <orig reg="known">knowne</orig> by the rest of the<orig reg="town"> towne</orig> <orig reg="upon">uppon</orig> <orig reg="their">theire</orig> meeting the next <orig reg="morning">morneing</orig> to choose Commissioners for the treaty the Lord Bishops of <pn reg="Limerick">Lymricke</pn> and <pn reg="Emly">Imly</pn> and the<orig reg="clergy"> Clergie</orig> there resident went into the Court house and declared unto them the excommunication to be incurred by them and every of them if they should deliver <orig reg="up">upp</orig> the <orig reg="prelates">prelatts</orig> to be slaughtered, Which notwithstanding they proceeded to <orig reg="their">theire</orig> election of agents for the <orig reg="treaty">treatie</orig>. <orig reg="Upon">Uppon</orig> which a declaration of the excommunication uppon <orig reg="their">theire</orig> persons and <orig reg="perpetual">perpetuall</orig> interdict of the <orig reg="city">Cittie</orig> was published and fixed to the <orig reg="churches'">churches</orig> <orig reg="doors">doores</orig>, which when the factioniers heard they sent that very night <orig reg="colonel">Collonell</orig> Fenell, William Burke, Fitz Thibott, and Lieutenant <orig reg="colonel">Collonell</orig> Teige Mc John, Mc Teige, Mc Nemarra, with <orig reg="their">theire</orig> <orig reg="parties">partys</orig> into St. Joanes Gate and Cluam's tower, of which they possessed <orig reg="themselves">themselues</orig>, and did cast away the guard appointed for the place, and the said <orig reg="colonel">Collonell</orig> Fenell being questioned by the <orig reg="Major General">Major Generall</orig> what brought him thither, being appointed to relieve the Islands <orig reg="posts">pousts</orig>, he <orig reg="answered">answeared</orig> that he had reason to be there, and <orig reg="also">alsoe</orig> commanded by the Mayor and the best in the <orig reg="town">towne</orig>. <orig reg="Upon">Uppon</orig> which the Mayor being sent for never answered directly to any question, but <orig reg="always">alwayes</orig> alledged that there was <orig reg="no">noe</orig> <orig reg="harm">harme</orig> in the said <orig reg="parties">partys</orig> being in that place, and being questioned whether he <orig reg="gave">gaue</orig> the <orig reg="keys">keyes</orig> of the gate unto them he answered negatively though <orig reg="untruly">vntruely</orig> as <orig reg="appeared">appeered</orig> after, this being on <orig reg="Tuesday">Twesday</orig> the 24th. Friday a <orig reg="council">Councell</orig> of <orig reg="war">warr</orig> <orig reg="sat">sate</orig> and sent for <orig reg="Colonel">Collonell</orig> Fenell for to be <orig reg="tried">tryed</orig>, but he would not <orig reg="appear">appeere</orig> though sent for three or <orig reg="four">fower</orig> <orig reg="times">tymes</orig>, <orig reg="upon">uppon</orig> which his neglect and<orig reg="contumacy"> contumacie</orig> the <orig reg="council">Councell</orig> of
<orig reg="war">warr</orig> thought to <orig reg="proceed">proceede</orig> against him but <orig reg="up">vpp</orig> starts my Lord of Castle Conell, and
<orig reg="took">tooke</orig> Fenell's <orig reg="part">parte</orig>, <orig reg="upon">uppon</orig> which the <orig reg="council">Councell</orig> was <orig reg="dissolved">disolved</orig>, and the said Lord of

<pb n="264">
Castle Connell went to Fennell and had a longe <orig reg="private">priuat</orig> discourse with him, and afterwards 
Fennell <orig reg="having">haveing</orig> gotten <orig reg="four">fower</orig> ferquens of powder, etc., from the Mayor, turned Surrender the <orig reg="mussels">mussells</orig> of the artillery which was to play uppon the enemy <orig reg="upon">uppon</orig> the <orig reg="city">citty</orig>,
and said <orig reg="plainly">plainely</orig> that he would not <orig reg="part">parte</orig> the place afore the <orig reg="city">cittie</orig> were <orig reg="yielded">yeelded</orig>.</p>
<p>This night the enemy planted a battery at the <orig reg="windmill">windemill</orig>, but<orig reg="so"> soe</orig> high that it was to
<orig reg="no">noe</orig> purpose. Saturday night they removed <orig reg="their">theire</orig> gabions into a lower place where
they might play sure. Sunday in the <orig reg="morning">morneing</orig> <orig reg="about">aboute</orig> ten of the clock they <orig reg="shot">shott</orig>
<orig reg="nine">nyne</orig> <orig reg="great">greate</orig> <orig reg="shots">shotts</orig>, broke <orig reg="their">theire</orig> battery <orig reg="piece">peece</orig>, they <orig reg="gave">gaue</orig> a <orig reg="second">seacond</orig> <orig reg="volley">vollie</orig> of eight
<orig reg="shots">shotts</orig>, and <orig reg="upon">uppon</orig> that a drummer was sent abroad to <orig reg="have">haue</orig> a <orig reg="time">tyme</orig> to send out Commissioners for the <orig reg="treaty">treatie</orig>. The agents went away the after <orig reg="noon">noone</orig> with full
power to conclude, and they sent in two Captains as hostages from the enemy.</p>
<p><orig reg="Monday">Munday</orig> they sent home for the hostages and they were sent <orig reg="abroad">abroade</orig>. The quarter
was thus: that the inhabitants should with three <orig reg="month's">monethes</orig> <orig reg="warning">warneing</orig> <orig reg="go">goo</orig> away,
bagge<orig reg=""></orig> and baggage, and shall haue<orig reg=""></orig> three other monethes<orig reg=""></orig> to carry away theire<orig reg=""></orig>
goods which they should <orig reg="leave">leaue</orig> <orig reg="behind">behinde</orig> them, but the militia should march away without <orig reg="arms">armes</orig>, <orig reg="only">onely</orig> the field officers to carry <orig reg="their">theire</orig> swords, and that all other
persons then resident not exempted from quarter may march with the militia, and that they should <orig reg="have">haue</orig> a safe conduct to what part <orig reg="soever">soeuer</orig> in Ireland they would be pleased to <orig reg="go">goe</orig>, not being <orig reg="garrison">garizon</orig> or <orig reg="hold">hould</orig> of <orig reg="theirs">theires</orig>, but it was not performed. This evening <orig reg="Colonel">Collonell</orig> Fenell suffered, by the Recorders order, two
hundred <orig reg="red">redd</orig> <orig reg="coats">coates</orig> into St. Joanes gate tower, and a company of <orig reg="red">redd</orig> <orig reg="coats">coates</orig> was sufferred into Price's mill by his order, and <orig reg="so">soe</orig> they continued <orig reg="until">untill</orig> Wednesday in
the <orig reg="morning">morneing</orig> and then a drummer was sent through the <orig reg="city">cittie</orig> <orig reg="commanding">comaundinge</orig> all
manner of troopers and <orig reg="soldiers">souldiers</orig> in pay within the <orig reg="city">cittie</orig> to come to Our <orig reg="Lady's">Ladyes</orig>
church and there to <orig reg="lay">laye</orig> <orig reg="down">downe</orig> <orig reg="their">theire</orig> <orig reg="arms">armes</orig>, which presently done, and <orig reg="so">soe</orig> the <orig reg="soldiery">souldiery</orig> were <orig reg="commanded">comaunded</orig> to march away. Ireton <orig reg="himself">himselfe</orig> came in within the gate and received the <orig reg="keys">keyes</orig>, etc., and did committ Major Neile. The <orig reg="chief">cheefe</orig> authors of the <orig reg="plot">plott</orig> were the new Mayor, Piers Creagh Fitz Piers, Piers Creagh Fitz Andrewe, the Recorder, Dr. Dominicke White, James Burke, Nicholas Fanning, James White, Alderman, and many burgesses, whereof Lawrence Rice, Lawrence White, David Creagh, Stephen White, Patricke Wolfe, and James Mahony were <orig reg="chiefest">cheefest</orig>.</p>
<p>The <orig reg="chiefest">cheefest</orig> exempted persons were the Major Generall, the two Bishops [of Emly and Limerick], Francis Wolfe, guardian of St. Francis, Captain Lawrence Welsh, priest, Dominic Fanning, Alderman, Tho. Stretch, Alderman, Edmond Roch, Burges, Patricke Faning, Captain, John Sexten, David Rochford, Major Generall Pursell, Major Piers Lacie, Captain Ullicke Lacy, and others to the number of <orig reg="four">fower</orig> and twenty. For the persons executed I was not present, but I hard for <orig reg="certain">certaine</orig> from those that came after me abroad that the Bishop of <pn reg="Emly">Imly</pn>, Major
Purcell, Dominic Fanning, both his sons and his brother, Thomas Strech, Lawrence Welsh, Francis Woulfe, and George Woulfe weare <orig reg="put">putt</orig> to death. What became of the rest I <orig reg="do">doe</orig> not know. </p>
<closer><signed>Dr William Layles.</signed><lb>

Endorsed by Lord Clanricarde: A relation of the Surrender of Limericke, Oct. 27, 1651.</closer></div0></body></text></TEI.2>
