Toluene


Toluene is closely related to benzene, where one of the hydrogen atoms of benzene is replaced by a methyl group. Thus, toluene has the aromatic characteristics of benzene.

The bonding between the carbon atoms consist of alternating single and double bonds, which have two equivalent arrangements. These equivalent arrangements of bonds are called canonical forms and the overall nature of the bonding is a combination of all canonical form in a resonance hybrid. This bonding between the carbon atoms of benzene gives rise to the aromatic properties of benzene.


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